Anton Rubinstein

Gregorevich Anton Rubinstein (also: Rubinštejn) (Russian: Рубинштейн Григорьевич;; Anton Grigorevich Roebinsjtejn; Vichvatinets (nowMoldova), 28 november 1829 – at Peterhof, Saint Petersburg, november 20, 1894) was a Russian pianist and composer.



Content
[hide] *1 early life  ==Life Course[ Edit] == Rubinstein as a pianist was one of the greatest virtuosos of the nineteenth century, his game was both intense and impulsive as the only serious rival to Franz Liszt.
 * 2 Compositions
 * 2.1 works for Orchestra
 * 2.1.1 Symphonies
 * 2.1.2 concertante
 * 2.1.3 other works for Orchestra
 * 2.2 Cantatas
 * 2.3 musical theatre
 * 2.3.1 Oratorios and spiritual operas
 * 2.3.2 Operas
 * 2.3.3 Ballets
 * 2.3.4 spectacle
 * 2.4 works for choirs
 * 2.5 Songs
 * 2.6 Chamber music
 * 2.7 works for piano
 * 3 Publications
 * 4 Bibliography
 * 5 external links

The Rubinstein's family, a Jewish family, moved from the southern Podolia to Moscow when Anton was five years old. When he was eight years he received his first piano lessons, by Alexander Villoing. As a composer and his brother Nikolai Rubinstein got his training between 1844 and 1847 inBerlin at Siegfried Dehn. In 1848 he settled in Saint Petersburg, then the capital of Russia. He laid the Foundation for a professional music culture in 1859 in Russia: he was the founder of theRussian music society and in 1862 he was the founder of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, (Russian: государственная консерватория St. Петербургская имени Н. А. Римского-Корсакова) that he was well-known and famous Western European teachers took out. The national-Russian composers around Balakirev felt used and disappointed and have the admiration from Rubinstein especially for the German music tradition as a apologetic wrong track since. They went on distance of Rubinstein and his institution. The contradictions were not so stark musical bearings, such as Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, the best known and famous composer of the Conservatoire of Rubinstein has won both traditions.

His younger brother Nikolai Rubinstein was also pianist and composer and founder of a conservatory, namely the Moscow Conservatory.

Rubinstein wrote in a romantic, Western-oriented style. He kept it away from the members of the Five, which pursued a private Russian style. The music of Anton Rubinstein, understated during much of the 20th century, is again in the spotlight thanks to a revival of the romantic music in the last years. He has composed four piano concerts. Of his nineteen operas was the demon(premiere 25 January 1875 in the Imperial Theatre of St Petersburg) the most admired. His most famous work is the melody in F opus 3, no. 1 for piano. Hans von Bülow called him "the Michelangelo of music". ==Compositions[ Edit] == ===Works for Orchestra[ Edit] === Anton Rubinstein, painted byIlya Repin====Symphonies<span class="mw-editsection" len="333" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ====Concertante<span class="mw-editsection" len="360" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ====Other works for Orchestra<span class="mw-editsection" len="348" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ===Cantatas<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Music Theatre<span class="mw-editsection" len="336" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ====Oratorios and spiritual operas<span class="mw-editsection" len="354" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ====Operas<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ====Ballets<span class="mw-editsection" len="333" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ====Spectacle<span class="mw-editsection" len="334" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== ===Work for choirs<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Songs<span class="mw-editsection" len="332" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Chamber Music<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Works for piano<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ==Publications<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==Bibliography<span class="mw-editsection" len="336" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * 1850 Symphony No. 1 in F major, op. 40 (dedicated to: Julius Stern)
 * Allegro con fuoco
 * Allegro
 * Moderato con moto
 * Allegro
 * 1852 Symphony No. 2 in C major "the ocean", for Orchestra, op. 42 (dedicated to Franz Liszt :)
 * Allegro maestoso
 * Adagio ma non tanto
 * Allegro
 * Adagio-Allegro con fuoco
 * 1853-1855 Symphony No. 3 in b-flat major, op. 56
 * Allegro risoluto
 * Adagio
 * Scherzo (Allegro vivace assai)
 * Finale (Allegro maestoso)
 * 1863 Symphony No. 2 in C major "the ocean" (revised version), for Orchestra
 * Allegro maestoso
 * Adagio in D major
 * Allegro
 * Adagio in e minor
 * Presto (Scherzo)
 * Adagio-Allegro con fuoco
 * 1874 Symphony No. 4 "dramatic Symphony" in d minor, op. 95
 * 1881 Symphony No. 5 in g minor, op. 107
 * Moderato assai
 * Allegro non troppo-moderato assai
 * Andante
 * Allegro vivace
 * 1887 Symphony No. 6 in a minor, op. 111
 * Moderato con moto
 * Moderato assai
 * Allegro vivace
 * Moderato assai-Allegro
 * 1847 Concerto (in one movement), for piano and Orchestra
 * 1849 , Concerto in C majorfor piano and Orchestra
 * 1849 Concerto in d minor, for piano and Orchestra (rewritten as Oktetin 1856, op. 9)
 * 1850 Concerto No. 1 in E major, for piano and Orchestra, op. 25
 * 1851 Concerto No. 2 in G major, for piano and Orchestra, op. 35
 * 1853-1854 Concerto No. 3 in F major, for piano and Orchestra, op. 45
 * 1857 Concerto in G majorfor violin and Orchestra, op.46
 * Moderato assai
 * Andante
 * Moderato assai
 * 1864 Concerto in a minor, for cello and Orchestra, op. 65
 * Moderato con moto
 * Adagio
 * Allegro con fuoco
 * 1864 Concerto No. 4 in d minor, for piano and Orchestra, op. 70
 * 1870 Romance et Caprice, for violin and Orchestra, op. 86
 * 1874 Concerto No. 5 in e-flat major, for piano and Orchestra, op. 94
 * 1878 Caprice russe in c minor, for piano and Orchestra, op. 102
 * Concert piece in As great, for piano and Orchestra, op. 113
 * 1854 Torzhestvennaya uvertura (triumph-Overture) for the coronation of Alexander II of Russia, for Orchestra, op. 43a
 * 1864 Faust-Ein musikalisches Charakterbild nach Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, for Orchestra, op. 68 (this work is a part of the Symphony of the same name, which has been lost)
 * 1869 Ivan IV (the terrible), for Orchestra, op. 79
 * 1870 Don Quixote, musical character picture for Orchestra, op. 87
 * 1882 La Russie, morceaux symphonique, for large Orchestra
 * 1890 Antony and Kleopatra, Overture for Orchestra, op. 116
 * The concert Overture in b-flat major, op. 60
 * 1866 Утро (morning), Cantata for male chorus and Orchestra, op. 74-text: Yakov Polonsky (1819-1898) translated into German by Josef Wenzig
 * 1852 Stenka Razin incidental music for this play
 * 1861 Rusalka, for female choir and Orchestra, op.63-text: Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov
 * 1854 , three piecesfor violin and piano, op. 11 no. 1
 * 1853-1854 , three piecesfor cello and piano, op. 11 no. 2
 * 1854 , three piecesfor Viola and piano, op. 11 no. 3
 * 1856 Octet in D major, for flute, clarinet, Horn, violin, Viola, cello, double bass and piano, op. 9
 * 1855-1857 , Two triosfor violin, cello and piano, op. 15
 * 1852-1855 String Quartet No. 1 in G major, op. 17 No. 1
 * 1852-1855 String Quartet No. 2 in c minor, op. 17 No. 2
 * 1853-1855 String Quartet No. 3 in F major, op. 17 No. 3
 * 1852 Sonata No. 1 in D major, for cello and piano, op. 18 No. 1
 * 1853 Sonata No. 2 in a minor, for violin and piano, op. 19
 * Sonata No. 2 in G major, for cello and piano, op. 39
 * 1856 String Quartet No. 4 in e minor, op. 47 No. 1
 * 1856 String Quartet No. 5 in b-flat major, op. 47 No. 2
 * 1856 String Quartet No. 6 in d minor, op. 47 No. 3
 * 1855 Sonata in f minorfor Viola and piano, op.49
 * 1857 3rd Trio in b-flat major, for violin, cello and piano, op. 52
 * 1860 1855 Rev. Quintet in F major, for flute, clarinet, bassoon, Horn and piano, op. 55
 * 1859 String Quintet in F major, op. 59
 * 1864 Quartet in C major, for violin, Viola, cello and piano, op.66
 * 1870 4th Trio in A major, for violin, cello and piano
 * 1871 Two string quartets, op. 90
 * Vospominanija Avtobiografičeskie (Autobiographical memories), in: Russkaja starina, november 1889; English: Autobiography of a. Rubinstein, Boston/Massachusetts 1890;
 * Literaturnoe nasledie . T. 3. Pis'ma, 1872-1894. Lekcii po istorii fortepiannoj literatury, vol. 3. letters. for lectures on the history of the piano literature, Moskva: Muzyka 1986. 276 p.
 * Literaturnoe nasledie vol. 2. letters. T. 2. Pis'ma, 1850-1871, Moskva: Muzyka 1984. 221 S.
 * A conversation on music-(Muzyka i ee predstaviteli), English, New York: Da Capo Press Reprint., 1982. 146 p., (Series: Da Capo Press Music Reprint Series), orig. publ. New York: C.F. Tretbar, 1892
 * M. van Paassen: Anton Rubinstein, a maligned giant, man and melody 40: 127-9 Mar 1985
 * Philip s. Taylor: Anton Rubinstein-A Life in Music, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007. 248 p., ISBN 978-0-253-34871-5
 * Larry Sitsky: Anton Rubinstein: an annotated catalog of piano works and biography, Westport: Greenwood Press, 1998. 227 p., ISBN 0-313-25497-4
 * K. Jordan: The instructional principles of Anton Rubinstein, Journal of the American Liszt Society 37: 46-55 Jan-Jun 1995
 * Joseph Banowetz: Joseph Banowetz on Rubinstein, Clavier 33: 24 N10 1994
 * D. Swift: The legacy of Anton Rubinstein, Clavier 33: 20-21 N10 1994
 * Maurice Hinson: Exploring Rubinstein's works, Clavier 33: 22-4 N10 1994
 * Maurice Hinson: Reviews a. Rubinstein: Album de Peterhof, op. 75, Journal of the American Liszt Society 27: 64-5 1990
 * Jeremy Norris: The Russian piano concerto, vol. I: the nineteenth century, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1994, 227 p., ISBN 978-0-253-34112-9
 * Jeremy Norris: The Piano Concertos or Anton Rubinstein, Music Review, 46 (November 1985): 241-283.
 * Opernführer für Fortgeschrittene: Ulrich Schreiber . Die Geschichte des Musiktheaters-Anfängen bis zur Französischen Band 1: Von den Revolution, Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel 1988, ISBN 3-7618-0899-2
 * Opernführer für Fortgeschrittene: Ulrich Schreiber . Die Geschichte des Musiktheaters-Band 2: Das 19. Jahrhundert, Bärenreiter Verlag, Kassel 1991, ISBN 3-7618-1028-8
 * Opernführer für Fortgeschrittene: Ulrich Schreiber . Die Geschichte des Musiktheaters-Band 3: Das 20. Jahrhundert. Teil 1: Von Verdi und Faschismus bis zumWagner, Bärenreiter Verlag, Kassel 2000, ISBN 3-7618-14364
 * Opernführer für Fortgeschrittene: Ulrich Schreiber . Die Geschichte des Musiktheaters-Band 3: Das 20. Jahrhundert. Teil 2: Deutsche und italienische Oper nach 1945, Frankreich und Großbritannien, Bärenreiter Verlag, Kassel 2005, ISBN 3-7618-14372
 * Opernführer für Fortgeschrittene: Ulrich Schreiber . Die Geschichte des Musiktheaters-Band 3: Das 20. Jahrhundert, Teil 3: Ost-und Nordeuropa, Nebenstränge am Interkontinentale, Verbreitung, Bärenreiter Verlag, semi-detached house in a Kassel 2006, ISBN 3-7618-18599
 * J. Weber: konkurs muzyczny w Europie Najstarszy im. Antoniego Rubinsteina, Ruch Muzyczny 34: 7 N12 1990
 * J.V. Moskva: Liszt and Anton Rubinstein, Journal of the American Liszt Society 26: 29-32 1989
 * Michel Maximovitch: L ' Opéra Russe 1731-1935, L ' âge d'homme (Lausanne), 1987. 431 p. ISBN 2-8251-3234-9
 * Darryl Lyman: Great Jews in Music, New York: Jonathan David Publishers, Inc., 1986. ISBN 0-824-X -60315
 * Sigrid cousin: Handbuch der sowjetischen Oper und Russian, Berlin: Henschelverlag Kunst und Gesellschaft, 1985. 760 p., ISBN 978-3-362-00257-8
 * Harvey Sachs: Virtuoso: the life of Nicolo Paganini, Franz Liszt, Anton Rubenstein, Ignace Jan Paderewski, Fritz Kreisler, Pablo Casals, Wanda Landowska, Vl, New York: Thames and Hudson, 1982. 208 p., ISBN 978-0-500-01286-4
 * Lev Barenboim Rubinstejna pisem Iz A.G. Aronowitz: k E.F. councils. (Aus A.G. Rubinstein Briefing an E.F. councils) , muzyka. 1980, h. 11, s. 101-113.
 * Lev Barenboim Grigorevic Rubinstejn: Anton Aronowitz. Tvorcestvo Zizn, artistic, put,... (Anton G. Rubinstein. Leben, künstlerischer road,.......), t. 2. 1867-1894, Leningrad: Muzgiz 1962. 492 S.
 * Lev Barenboim Grigor'eviev Rubinsvtejn: Anton Aronowitz. Tvorcestvo Zizn, artist, music-obscestv, put '. dejatel'nost. (Anton Grigorjewitsch Rubinstein. Sein Leben und seine künstlerische Entwicklung), t. 1, Leningrad: CIS. muz. Izd. 1957.455 S.
 * Lev Barenboim Rubinsteinovskie tradicii i sovremennost Aronowitz: nasa. (Nachverfolgen zu Barenbojms Monographie uber Anton Rubinstein) , Muzyka. 25 (1961), h. 12, s. 74-81.
 * Charles Suttoni: Liszt's letters: Anton Rubinstein at Weimar, Journal of the American Liszt Society 8: 75-6 1980
 * Anton Stoijar: Rubinstejn Z.. (Anton Rubinstein. Kurzer Abriss seines Lebens und Schaffens.), Kartja moldovenjsske Klimev: 1969. 74 s.
 * Camille Saint-Saëns: Anton Rubinstejn, Muzyka. 32 (1968) h. 1, s. 94-96.
 * Michael Goldstein: Zwei Zeugnisse des jungen Anton Rubinstein von Dehn und s. w. g. meyerbeer, Beiträge zur Musikwissenschaft. 6 (1964), s. 238-242
 * Michael Goldstein: Ein unbekanntes Work von Anton Rubinstein, Musik und Gesellschaft. 13, (1963), s. 142-145.
 * Vilmos Somogyi: Anton Rubinstein (1829-1894), Muzsika. 6 (1963) No. 3, s. 31-32.
 * Zoltan Hrabussay: Anton Rubinstein a Bratislava. (Anton Rubinstein und Bratislava), Hudobnovedne study. 3 (1959), s. 196-204.