Psychedelic Soul



Psychedelic soul, sometimes called black rock,[1]  is a sub-genre of soul music, which mixes the characteristics of soul with psychedelic rock. It came to prominence in the late 1960s and continued into the 1970s, playing a major role in the development of funk music and disco. Pioneering acts included Sly and the Family Stone and the Temptations. Mainstream acts that developed a psychedelic sound included the Supremes and Stevie Wonder. Acts that achieved notability with the sound included The Chambers Brothers, The 5th Dimension, Edwin Starr andGeorge Clinton's Funkadelic and Parliament ensembles.



Contents
[hide]  *1 History  ==History[edit] == ===Origins[edit] === The Chambers Brothersshown in 1970Following the lead of Jimi Hendrix in psychedelic rock, in the late 1960s psychedelia began to have a widespread impact on African American musicians, particularly the stars of the Motownlabel.[2]  Influenced by the civil rights movement, it had a darker and more political edge than much acid rock.[2]  Building on the funk sound of James Brown, it was pioneered by Sly and the Family Stone with songs like "Dance to the Music" (1968), "Everyday People" (1968) and "I Want to Take You Higher" (1969), which had a sound that emphasized distorted electric rhythm guitar and strong basslines.[3]  Also important were the Temptations and their producer Norman Whitfield, who moved from a relatively light vocal group into much more serious material with "Cloud Nine" (1968), "Runaway Child, Running Wild" (1969) and "Psychedelic Shack" (1969).[3] ===Development[edit] === Other Motown acts soon followed into psychedelic territory, including established performers like the Supremes with "Reflections" (1967), "Love Child" (1968), and "Stoned Love" (1970).[4]  Psychedelic influences could also be heard in the work of Stevie Wonder[2]  and in Marvin Gaye's socially conscious work from What's Going On (1971).[5]  Acts that broke through with psychedelic soul included The Chambers Brothers with "Time Has Come Today" (1966, but charting in 1968),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Case2010_4-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]  The 5th Dimension with a cover of Laura Nyro's "Stoned Soul Picnic" (1968),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Case2010_4-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]  Edwin Starr's "War" (1970) and theUndisputed Truth's "Smiling Faces Sometimes" (1971).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * 1.1 Origins
 * 1.2 Development
 * 1.3 Decline and influence
 * 2 Notable psychedelic soul artists
 * 3 See also
 * 4 Notes

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">George Clinton's interdependent Funkadelic and Parliament ensembles and their various spin-offs, took the genre to its most extreme lengths, making funk almost a religion in the 1970s. Influenced by Detroit rock groups including MC5 and The Stooges, they used extended distorted guitar solos and psychedelic sound effects, coupled with surreal imagery and stage antics, especially on early albums such as Funkadelic (1970), Free Your Mind...And Your Ass Will Follow (1970), and Maggot Brain (1971),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Harrington2002_1-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1]  producing over forty singles, including three in the US top ten, and three platinum albums.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Bogdanov2002GeorgeClinton_6-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[6] ===Decline and influence<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] === <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">While psychedelic rock began to waver at the end of the 1960s, psychedelic soul continued into the 1970s, peaking in popularity in the early years of the decade, and only disappearing in the late 1970s as tastes began to change.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2] Acts like Earth, Wind and Fire, Kool and the Gang and Ohio Players, who began as psychedelic soul artists, incorporated its sounds into funk music and eventually the disco which partly replaced it.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Bennet1993_7-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[7] ==Notable psychedelic soul artists<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == Earth, Wind, and Fire'sMaurice White and Philip Baileyperforming in 1982George Clinton and Parliament-Funkadelic performing in 2006*Black Merda<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]
 * The Chambers Brothers<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-5" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * The Chi-Lites<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-6" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Earth, Wind & Fire<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-7" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * The 5th Dimension<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Case2010_4-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]
 * The Friends of Distinction<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-8" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Marvin Gaye<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[9]
 * Jimi Hendrix<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-9" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * The Isley Brothers<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-10" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Kool and the Gang<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Bennet1993_7-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[7]
 * Mandrill<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[10]
 * Curtis Mayfield<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-11" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Buddy Miles<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[11]
 * Janelle Monáe<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[12]
 * Ohio Players<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Bennet1993_7-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[7]
 * Shuggie Otis<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-12" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Parliament-Funkadelic<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-13" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Minnie Riperton<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13]
 * Rotary Connection<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-14" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Sly & the Family Stone<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-15" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * Edwin Starr<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-16" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * The Supremes<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Case2010_4-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]
 * The Temptations<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-17" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * The Undisputed Truth<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-18" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]
 * War<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Bogdanov2002War_14-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[14]
 * Stevie Wonder<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AllmusicPsychedelicSoul_2-19" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]